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Our work
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Fields of work
- Arms control
- Border management
- Combating trafficking in human beings
- Conflict prevention and resolution
- Countering terrorism
- Cyber/ICT Security
- Democratization
- Economic activities
- Education
- Elections
- Environmental activities
- Gender equality
- Good governance
- Human rights
- Media freedom and development
- Migration
- National minority issues
- Policing
- Reform and co-operation in the security sector
- Roma and Sinti
- Rule of law
- Tolerance and non-discrimination
- Youth
- Field operations
- Projects
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Meetings and conferences
- Summit meetings
- Review Conferences
- Ministerial Council meetings
- Plenary meetings of the Permanent Council
- Plenary Meetings of the Forum for Security Co-operation
- Security Review Conferences
- Annual Implementation Assessment Meetings
- Economic and Environmental Forum
- Economic and Environmental Dimension Implementation Meetings
- Human rights meetings
- Media conferences
- Cyber/ICT security conferences
- Conference of the Alliance against Trafficking in Persons
- Gender Equality Review Conferences
- Annual OSCE Mediterranean conferences
- Annual OSCE Asian conferences
- Partnerships
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Fields of work
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Countries
- All
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Participating States
- Albania
- Andorra
- Armenia
- Austria
- Azerbaijan
- Belgium
- Belarus
- Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Bulgaria
- Canada
- Croatia
- Cyprus
- Czech Republic
- Denmark
- Estonia
- Finland – OSCE Chairpersonship 2025
- France
- Georgia
- Germany
- Greece
- Holy See
- Hungary
- Iceland
- Ireland
- Italy
- Kazakhstan
- Kyrgyzstan
- Latvia
- Liechtenstein
- Lithuania
- Luxembourg
- Malta
- Moldova
- Monaco
- Mongolia
- Montenegro
- The Netherlands
- North Macedonia
- Norway
- Poland
- Portugal
- Romania
- Russian Federation
- San Marino
- Serbia
- Slovakia
- Slovenia
- Spain
- Sweden
- Switzerland
- Tajikistan
- Türkiye
- Turkmenistan
- Ukraine
- United Kingdom
- United States of America
- Uzbekistan
- Asian Partners for Co-operation
- Mediterranean Partners for Co-operation
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Structures and institutions
- Chairpersonship
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Secretariat
- Secretary General
- Conflict Prevention Centre
- Transnational Threats Department
- Office of the Special Representative and Co-ordinator for Combating Trafficking in Human Beings
- Office of the Co-ordinator of OSCE Economic and Environmental Activities
- Gender Issues Programme
- Opportunities for Youth
- Department of Human Resources
- Department of Management and Finance
- Office of Internal Oversight
- Documentation Centre in Prague
- Institutions
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Field operations
- Presence in Albania
- Centre in Ashgabat
- Programme Office in Astana
- Programme Office in Bishkek
- Mission to Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Programme Office in Dushanbe
- Mission in Kosovo
- Mission to Moldova
- Mission to Montenegro
- Mission to Serbia
- Mission to Skopje
- Project Co-ordinator in Uzbekistan
- Closed field activities
- Parliamentary Assembly
- Court of Conciliation and Arbitration
- Organizational structure
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About us
- Participating States
- Partners for Co-operation
- Chair
- Decision-making bodies
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Leadership
- Secretary General
- Director of the Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights
- High Commissioner on National Minorities
- Representative on Freedom of the Media
- Head of the OSCE Mission to Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Head of the OSCE Presence in Albania
- Head of the OSCE Mission to Skopje
- Head of the OSCE Mission to Montenegro
- Head of the OSCE Mission to Moldova
- Head of the OSCE Centre in Ashgabat
- Head of the OSCE Programme Office in Astana
- Head of OSCE Project Co-ordinator in Uzbekistan
- Head of the OSCE Programme Office in Dushanbe
- Director of the OSCE Conflict Prevention Centre
- First Deputy Director of the OSCE Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights
- Director of the office of the OSCE High Commissioner on National Minorities
- Director of the Office of the OSCE Representative on Freedom of the Media
- OSCE Co-ordinator of Activities to Address Transnational Threats
- Director for Internal Oversight Services
- OSCE Senior Adviser on Gender Issues
- OSCE Special Representative and Co-ordinator for Combating Human Trafficking
- Co-ordinator of OSCE Economic and Environmental Activities
- Director for Management and Finance
- Our history
- Our principles
- Finance and administration
- Internal oversight
- Employment
- Networks and research
Stage II of Helsinki negotiations begins
The substantive working phase of the Helsinki negotiations (Stage II) took place in Geneva from 18 September 1973 to 21 July 1975.
- Date:
- Location:
- Geneva
- Source:
- Summits / Ministerial Councils
Quick links
About
Experts from the 35 participating States engaged in the first ever multilateral East-West negotiation process, producing the CSCECSCE
Conference on Security and Co-operation in Europe Final Act.
The Act, also known as the Helsinki Accords, was signed by the Heads of State or Government of the 35 States on 1 August 1975, the last day of the Helsinki Summit (Stage III). Forming the backbone of the Organization's activities, the Final Act outlines ten fundamental principles:
- sovereign equality, respect for the rights inherent in sovereignty
- refraining from the threat or use of force
- inviolability of frontiers
- territorial integrity of States
- peaceful settlement of disputes
- non-intervention in internal affairs
- respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms (including the freedom of thought, conscience, religion or belief)
- equal rights and self-determination of peoples
- co-operation among States
- fulfillment in good faith of obligations under international law